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【2021考研英语一冲刺模拟】考研英语新题型模拟试题练习1(附答案详解)进入阅读模式

【2021考研英语一冲刺模拟】考研英语新题型模拟试题练习1(附答案详解) 进入阅读模式 点我咨询

2020-10-28 17:40:03| 来源:中公考研

【答案】CFADG

【解析】

第一步:看选项,找线索。段首段尾需重点阅读;指示代词比如such/these/those/this/that /his+n.结构、逻辑关系词和一些特殊实词比如conclude/repeated等需标注出来。另外人名、地名、书名和时间等也需标注出来。七个选项的线索词如下:

[A]Macnamara concluded that practice is less of a driver. “Once you get to the highly skilled groups, practice stops accounting for the difference. Everyone has practiced a lot and other factors are at play in determining who goes on to that super-elite level,” she said, “The factors depend on the skill being learned: in chess it could be intelligence or working memory, in sport it may be how efficiently a person uses oxygen. To complicate matters further, one factor can drive another. A child who enjoys playing the violin, for example, may be happy to practice and be focused on the task because they do not see it as a chore.”

[B] The impact of this article—which shifted the narrative about the origins of expertise away from any important role for genes or stable abilities and towards the importance of practice and training—is difficult to overstate. Cited over 9000 times, it is one of the most referenced articles in the psychological literature. Moreover, the deliberate practice view gained substantial attention outside of the academic literature, inspiring numerous popular books including Geoff Colvin’s Talent Is Overrated and Malcolm Gladwell’s Outliers, where Gladwell described the now famous ‘10,000 hours rule’, i.e. with 10,000 hours of deliberate practice, one becomes an expert. It seems fair to say that no single article has had a greater impact on scientific and popular views of expertise than Ericsson et al.

[C] The mystery of how people acquire expertise in complex domains such as music, sports and science has long been of interest to psychologists. In 1993, in their classic article, Ericsson, Krampe and Tesch-Römer introduced the highly influential deliberate practice view in an attempt to answer this question. They posited that individual differences, even among elite performers, are closely related to assessed amounts of deliberate practice—activities designed to improve performance.

[D] “There is no doubt that deliberate practice is important, from both a statistical and a theoretical perspective. It is just less important than has been argued,” says Macnamara. “For scientists, the important question now is, what else matters?”

[E] Macnamara and her colleagues repeated part of the 1993 study to see whether they reached the same conclusions. They interviewed three groups of 13 violinists rated as best, good, or less accomplished about their practice habits, before having them complete daily diaries of their activities over a week. While the less skillful violinists clocked up an average of about 6,000 hours of practice by the age of 20, there was little to separate the good from the best musicians, with each logging an average of about 11,000 hours. In all, the number of hours spent practicing accounted for about a quarter of the skills difference across the three groups.

[F] However, a new study, from psychological scientist Brooke Macnamara, with colleagues David Z. Hambrick of Michigan State University and Frederick Oswald of Rice University, offers a counterpoint to Ericsson’s view, suggesting that the amount of practice accumulated over time does not seem to play a huge role in accounting for individual differences in skill or performance. “Deliberate practice is unquestionably important, but not nearly as important as proponents of the view have claimed.” says Macnamara.

[G] To answer that question, the researchers are planning another meta-analysis focused specifically on practice and sports in order to better understand the role of these and other factors. And, Macnamara and her colleagues speculate that the age at which a person becomes involved in an activity may matter, and that certain cognitive abilities such as working memory may also play an influential role.

第二步:阅读已知选项,判断已知选项前后段落。已给B项和E项。

首段未给,第二段已给,首先判断首段。B项段首this article明显指代首段中提及的文章,筛选选项,只有C项提及their classic article,由此判断首段即41题答案为C项。

E项关键词为Macnamara(人名)和repeated。此处注意Macnamara为简写的名字,根据英语行文特点,可判断F项中Brooke Macnamara的全名为首次提及该专家姓名,由此推断F项应在E项前面,故42题答案为F。

43题至45题连续三段全部空缺,剩余选项ADG。阅读三个选项,寻找段间联系。由D项段尾关键词question和G项段首关键词that question可推断D项与G项相连。此时,只需判断A 项和DG项的顺序即可完成43题至45题。A项关键词concluded迷惑项较强,考生易判定为最后一段。此时需要仔细阅读ADG项,A项介绍Macnamara等人实验的结论,而DG项讨论的是实验没有解决的遗留问题以及为了解答遗留问题而进行的另一项实验,由此推断A项在DG项前面,故43题至45题答案为ADG。

第三步:通读全文,检查答案。

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(责任编辑:范秀霞)
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