一般而言,英汉两种语言大的差异在于英文是形合而中文是意合,英语习惯开门见山,先表达主要信息,而中文则讲求语言的委婉和内涵,往往会将重要信息置后。本文中公考研英语老师将简单讲解英语长句汉译的一些规律。
【典型例句1】:Under modern conditions, this requires varying measures of centralized control and hence the help of specialized scientists such as economists and operational research experts.
【例句释义】:在现代条件下,这需要程度不同的集中控制措施,从而就需要获得诸如经济学和运筹学等领域的的协助。
【例句解析】:句子的主干是this requires varying measures and hence the help.其中this 是主语,requires是谓语,varying measures and hence the help是两个并列的宾语。Under modern conditions是状语,of centralized control和of specialized scientists是两个后置定语各修饰它们前面的两个宾语,such as economists and operational research experts. 是同位语,说明specialized scientists。
【难点点拨】:本句的难点是hence的译法,它在句中是承上启下的作用,表明上半句内容“这需要程度不同的集中控制措施”导致了后半句话的内容“需要获得的协助”,即前后因果关系。因此hence可译为“从而,从此”。
【典型例句2】:Furthermore, it is obvious that the strength of a country’s economy is directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and that this in turn rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.
【例句释义】:再者,显而易见的是一个国家的经济实力与其工农业生产效率切相关,而效率的提则有有赖于各种科技人员的努力。
【例句解析】:it为形式主语,真正主语是两个由and连接的that从句。Furthermore是衔接词,第一个that从句中the strength of a country’s economy是主语,is 是系动词,directly bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture是表语。第二个that 从句中this是主语,指代第一个分句中的the efficiency of its agriculture and industry,in turn是状语,rests是谓语,upon the efforts of scientists and technologists of all kinds.是状语,Furthermore是衔接词。
【难点点拨】:in turn的英文释义为as a result of something ,它表达的是一种递进关系,因此不能把两个that从句译成平行关系的句子。
【典型例句3】:Owing to the remarkable development in mass-communications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above.
【例句释义】:大众通讯的显著发展使各地的使各地的人们不断感到有新的需求,不断接触到新的习俗和思想。由于上述原因,政府常常得推出更多的革新。
【例句解析】:Owing to引导的状语,表原因,修饰主句。主句中people是主语,are feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas是两个并列的谓语和宾语,其中everywhere是状语。while引导的伴随状语从句,governments是主语, are often forced to introduce使谓语,still further innovations for the reasons given above是宾语。
以上是中公考研小编为考生整理的“考研英语(一)翻译解析系列--2000年Section Ⅲ示例”相关内容,希望对大家有帮助,中公考研小编祝大家都能取得好成绩!更多英语翻译精彩内容可查看考研英语翻译频道。
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