本文选自2002年Newsweek《新闻周刊》,原标题是Electronic Morphine(电子吗啡)。文章的写作方式是典型的西方报刊体,即先举一个例列子,再从例子中说明一个普遍的社会现象,后引出自己的评论。本文 David William的赌博经历,评述美国社会普遍的赌博现象以及其愈演愈烈趋势的原因。本文没有出现涉及复杂语法结构的难句子以及超纲词汇,但是文章中包含了考研英语常见的频重点词汇,让我们一起学习这些词汇吧!
1. 8gamble ['ɡæmbl]
v. & n. 1. 赌博 2.投机(on)
【联想记忆】:game(游戏)+ble(易…样的)→容易上瘾的游戏→赌博
【试题例句】:He had never gambled before the casino sent him a coupon for $20 worth of gambling. 自从赌场送给他一张20美元赌资的优惠券之后他就沾染了赌博。(2006年新题型)
2. 2issue ['ɪʃu:]
n.1.问题 2.(报刊)期,号,版次 v.1.发表,发行 2.给…颁发,(正式)发给
【词根记忆】:is(=go,行走)+sue(主题)→发行,发表
【试题例句】:The casino issued to him, as a good customer, a Fun Card, which when used in the casino earns points for meals and drinks, and enables the casino to track the user’s gambling activities. 作为优秀顾客,他得到一张赌场发给他的“游乐卡”。这种卡在赌场使用时可积分换食物和饮料,这使赌场可以跟踪记录使用者的赌博活动。(2006年新题型)
3. 2 addict ['ædɪkt]
n.1.有瘾的人 2.入迷的人 v.使成瘾,使入迷
【词根记忆】:ad(加强)+dict(说)→一再说起→对……入迷
【试题例句】:Now he is suing the casino, charging that it should have refused his patronage because it knew he was addicted. It did know he had a problem. 他现在正在起诉赌场,指责其既然知道他上瘾就应拒绝他的光顾。(2006年新题型)
4. 6patronize ['pætrənaɪz]
v.1.光顾,惠顾 2.赞助,资助
【词根记忆】:patr(父亲)+on(凭借)+ize(动词后缀)→凭借父亲就会有钱→赞助;惠顾
【试题例句】:Noting the medical/psychological nature of problem gambling behaviors, the letter said that before being readmitted to the casino he would have to present medical/psychological information demonstrating that patronizing the casino would pose no threat to his safety or well-being. 在说明不良赌博行为对人的生理和心理造成危害额同时,书信中还提到,在他获准再次光顾赌场前,他须提交生理和心理状况报告,证明光顾赌场不会对他的安和健康。(2006年新题型)
5. 9lure [lʊə]
v.吸引,引诱,诱惑 n.1.吸引力,诱惑物 2.诱饵,鱼饵
【试题例句】:Nevertheless, Williams’s suit charges that the casino, knowing he was “helplessly addicted to gambling,” intentionally worked to “lure” him to “engage in conduct against his will. 然而威廉姆斯起诉赌场:明明知道他“不可救药地沉迷于赌博”,仍然故意“引诱”他做出违背自己意愿的行为。(2006年新题型)
6. 7recur [rɪ'kɝ]
v.再发生,重现
【词根记忆】:re(又,再)+cur(发生)→又出现→重现
【试题例句】:The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) says “pathological gambling” involves persistent, recurring and uncontrollable pursuit less of money than of thrill of taking risks in quest of a windfall. 《心理障碍诊断统计手册》第四版指出,“病态赌博”包括持续地、反复地且无法自控地不惜冒险发横财。(2006年新题型)
7. 6lottery ['lɔtərɪ]
n.抽彩;碰运气的事,难于算计的事
【词根记忆】:lott(lotto乐透彩票)+ery(集合名词的尾缀)→抽彩
【试题例句】:Forty-four states have lotteries, 29 have casinos, and most of these states are to varying degrees dependent on -- you might say addicted to -- revenues from wagering. 美国44个州发行彩票,29个州开创赌场,而且这些州大多数不同程度地依赖或者说“沉迷于”赌博收入。(2006年新题型)
8. 12flaw [flɔ:]
n. 裂缝,缺陷 v. 使裂缝,使有缺陷
【词根记忆】:音变自flag-词根:破碎→破碎了,有裂缝→缺陷
【试题例句】:Pushed by science, or what claims to be science, society is reclassifying what once were considered character flaws or moral failings as personality disorders akin to physical disabilities. 在科学或者所谓“科学”推动下,社会将从前我们认为的性格缺陷、道德过失重新归类为类似于生理障碍的“人格疾病”。(2006年新题型)
9. 24intense [ɪn'tens]
a. 强烈的, 剧烈的, 热切的, 热情的, 激烈的
【词根记忆】:in(加强)+tense(拉紧)→特别紧的,表明程度很→ 强烈的, 热切的
【试题例句】:And since the first Internet gambling site was created in 1995, competition for gamblers’ dollars has become intense. 自1995年第一个在线赌博网站建立以来,争夺赌徒们金钱的竞争变得越来越激烈。(2006年新题型)
10.29sue [su:]
v. 1. 控告,起诉 2. (for)要求,请求
【试题例句】:Companies would avoid being sued by providing new warnings. 新的警告提示公司将会免于被起诉。(1999年阅读Text1)
今年是第二年出新题型,难度有一定提升,虽说新题型是个讲究技巧性的题型,但是有了对这些频词的掌握,会更有助于对文章整体意思的把握,进而有助于对篇章结构的把握,所以同学们一定要熟记这些频重点词汇。
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