1. 2 Modesty ['mɔdisti]
n.谦逊, 虚心
【词根记忆】: mod(=manner,方法,风度)+est(连接,无意义)+ y(名词尾缀)→做事有风度→谦虚,端庄
【短语精选】:Modesty helps one to go forward. 虚心使人进步。
【试题例句】:In his autobiography,Darwin himself speaks of his intellectual powers with extraordinary modesty.(2008, 翻译) 在他的自传中,达尔文以极其谦逊的态度谈及他的智力。
2. 2 Concise [kәn'sais]
adj.简明的, 简练的
【词根记忆】: con(共同)+cise(切)→把多余的部分一起切掉→简洁
【短语精选】:Talks and articles should all be concise and to the point. 讲话和写文章都应该简明扼要。
【试题例句】:He points out that he always experienced much difficulty in expressing himself clearly and concisely. (2008, 翻译)他指出他总是很难进行简明扼要的表达。
3. 5 Compensate ['kɔmpәnseit]
v.偿还, 补偿, 付报酬
【词根记忆】: com(部)+pens(花费)+ ate(动词后缀)→花费的钱部拿回来→偿还,补偿
【短语精选】:compensate (sb.) for loss [services] 赔偿某人损失[付予酬劳]。
【试题例句】:But he believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations, (2008, 翻译)但是他也相信正是这种困难迫使他长时间专注于每个句子,带来的好处是,使他在推理和自己的观察中能够寻找出错误。
4. 1 Disclaim [dis'kleim]
v.放弃, 弃权, 拒绝
【词根记忆】: dis(否定前缀)+claim(大叫)→放弃,拒绝
【短语精选】:disclaim all participation 否认参与其事。
【试题例句】:He disclaimed the possession of any great quickness of apprehension or wit, such as distinguished Huxley. 他否认自己有像Huxley那样杰出的悟性或急智。
5. 3 Abstract ['æbstrækt]
n.摘要,抽象;adj.抽象的, 深奥的, 理论的;vt.摘要, 提炼, 抽象化
【词根记忆】: abs(背离,向外)+tract(拉拽)→抽出来的→抽象的,理论的;摘要
【短语精选】:abstract expressionism 抽象表现主义(派)。
【试题例句】:He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. (2008, 翻译)他承认自己进行一连串长时间的和纯抽象的思考的能力有限,因此判定自己不会在数学领域有建树。
6. 4 Extensive [ɪk'stensɪv]
adj. 广的, 多方面的, 广泛的
【词根记忆】: ex(向外)+tens(拉伸)+ ive(形容词后缀)→向外伸展出去的→广泛的
【短语精选】:an extensive order 大批定货。 extensive reading 泛读,粗读;博览群书。
【试题例句】:His memory, too, he described as extensive, but hazy. (2008, 翻译)如他自己所描述的那样,他虽然博闻,但不强记。
7. 10 Observer [əb'sɜː-və]
n. 观察者, 评论者, 遵守者
【词根记忆】: ob(加强)+serv(保持,服务)+ er(名词后缀,表示“人”)→观察者
【短语精选】:a plot observer 测绘员。
【试题例句】: On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning. (2008, 翻译)另一方面,他也不接受一些批评家对他的指控,认为他虽然擅长观察但毫无推理能力。
8. 5 Convince [kәn'vins]
vt.使确信, 使信服
【词根记忆】: con(部)+vinc(征服)+ e(尾缀)→彻底征服对方→说服,使相信
【短语精选】:convince people by sound arguments 以理服人。
【试题例句】:This, he thought, could not be true, because the "Origin of Species" is one long argument from the beginning to the end, and has convinced many able men. (2008, 翻译)他之所以认为这样的说法不对是因为《物种起源》从头到尾是一篇饱受争议的文章,而现在已经被很多人所接受。
9.3 Submit [sәb'mit]
v.(使)服从, (使)顺从;vt.提交, 递交
【词根记忆】: sub(在下面)+mit(送)→在下面送出(东西)→屈服,呈递
【短语精选】:convince people by sound arguments 以理服人。
【试题例句】:No one, he submits, could have written it without possessing some power of reasoning. (2008, 翻译)在他看来,如果没有推理能力是无法写出这样的著作的。
10. 11 Possess [pә'zes]
vt.占有, 拥有, 持有, 摆布, 支配
【词根记忆】: pos(放置)+sess(坐)→坐拥→拥有,占有
【短语精选】:possess oneself 自制,镇静。 possess oneself of 获得;据有,把…占为己有。
【试题例句】:Possessing a car gives a much greater degree of mobility, enabling the driver to move around freely. 拥有一辆车就会极大地增加机动性,使得车主来去自由。(1989,text 2)
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